In publishing, printers are both companies providing printing services and individuals who directly operate printing presses. Printers include: Newspaper printers, often owned by newspaper publishers Magazine printers, usually independent of magazine publishers Book printers, often not directly connected with book publishers Postcard printers Stationery printers Packaging printers Trade printers, who offer wholesale rates within the printing industry Large format printers, who specialize in wide format prints, such as signs and banners Printmakers, artists who create their artworks using printing